建筑结构用高强度钢材力学性能研究进展*
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班慧勇，施刚，石永久，王元清(土木工程安全与耐久教育部重点实验室，清华大学土木工程系，北京 100084)［摘要］随着钢材生产工艺的提高，新型高强度、高性能结构钢材出现；由于目前钢结构设计规范和钢材标准对结构钢材的力学性能指标有着严格的限值要求，特别是屈强比，高强度钢材钢结构的发展和应用受到了制约。全面介绍国内外建筑结构用高强度钢材的生产工艺和牌号种类，总结包括欧洲、北美、澳大利亚、日本和中国在内的国内外规范标准对结构钢材力学性能的要求，并对几个重要的力学性能指标，如屈强比、断后伸长率等进行对比分析，整理大量国内外高强度钢材材性试验数据和研究进展，分析并得到其力学性能特点，提出适用于数值计算的材料本构模型。研究结果表明，新型高强度结构钢材在具有高韧性的同时也具有较高的屈强比和较低的断后伸长率，且往往超过大多数规范的限值规定，这大大限制了此类钢材钢结构的工程应用。因此，需要进一步讨论和定量研究钢材力学性能与结构安全性的关系，研究是否可以适当放松规范对结构钢材力学性能的限值规定。该研究有利于更合理全面地认识高强度结构钢材的力学性能特点和相应的规范限值规定，促进高强度钢材钢结构的相关研究工作，也有利于高强度钢材钢结构的工程应用和规范修订。［关键词］高强度钢材；力学性能；规范限值；研究进展中图分类号：TU391 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2013)02-0088-07Research advances on mechanical properties of high strength structural steelsBan Huiyong, Shi Gang, Shi Yongjiu, Wang Yuanqing(Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Safety and Durability of China Education Ministry, Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)Abstract: With the improvement of the steel production process, high strength and high performance steels have been developed. However, the development and engineering application of high strength steel structures were constrained as a result of the strict limit requirement on structural steel material properties according to most of the design codes, especially for the yield-tensile strength ratio (Y/T ratio). The production process and steel grade of high strength structural steels were introduced comprehensively, and the limit requirements in different steel structure design codes were reviewed, including those of Europe, North America, Australia, Japan and China, and the comparison for some important mechanical property indexes such as Y/T ratio and elongation after fracture was conducted. Besides, a large amount of tension coupon test data and research advances for high strength steels were arranged, the material property features were researched, and the stressstrain relationship model used for the numerical study was proposed. Results show that high strength structural steels have wonderful toughness but also larger Y/T ratio and lower elongation compared with those of ordinary strength steels, which may exceed most of the code limits, and this greatly constrains the application of such steel structures. Therefore, the relationship between the steel mechanical property and structure safety needs to be discussed and researched quantitatively, as well as whether the requirement in the design codes can be relaxed. It is helpful to comprehend the high strength steel material property and relevant code requirements, and to promote the high strength steel structure researches.It is useful for the engineering application and code revision.Keywords: high strength steel; mechanical property; code limit value; research advance*国家自然科学基金项目（51078205）参考文献［1］International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. Use and application of high-performance steels for steel structures［M］. 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