卢  旦，李承铭
（上海现代建筑设计（集团）有限公司，上海200041)

[摘要] 上海2010年世博会日本馆外形复杂、建筑高度低，考虑到近地面湍流规律的复杂性，对该建筑分别进行了稳态与非稳态数值风洞仿真计算。通过比较两种方法计算得到的平均风压，讨论了数值计算的准确性。在此基础上，研究了该复杂体型建筑的平均风压与脉动风压的分布特性，获得了可用于指导类似结构整体抗风设计和局部抗风设计的规律。鉴于《荷载规范》在低矮房屋围护结构设计中的空白，本文提出采用数值风洞非稳态计算的方法获取阵风系数，与采用规范数值相比该方法获得的表面风荷载更符合实际，能使设计更加安全、经济。
[关键词] 数值风洞；非稳态计算；抗风设计；脉动风

Numerical Simulation of Wind-induced Loads on Roof of Japan Pavilion of the World Exposition in Shanghai
Lu Dan, Li Chenming,
( Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Design( Group)  Co.,  Ltd. , Shanghal, 200041 , China)

Abstract: It was difficult to obtain the wind-induced loads on roof of Japan pavilion of the 2010 world exposition in Shanghai because of its novel building shape and complex boundary layer wind. Steady and unsteady state numerical simulations were camed out to investigate the wind flow around buildings. Comparison was made with the mean presses using the above two methods; and the applicability of numerical simulation theory was discussed. The mean and fluctuating wind pressure distribution on the roof was studied and the rules which can guide global and partial wind resistance design of similar structure were obtained. In order to fill the load codes gaps in design for a low-rise building envelope, The paper presents a scheme of obtaining the fluctuating wind pressure coefficient by using unsteady state simulation. In contrast to the conventional approach, this method will be more realistic in practice.
Keywords: numerical wind tunnel; unsteady state simulation; wind-resistant design; fluctuating wind