苗  劲，金伟
    (中船第九设计研究院工程有限公司，上海200063)

[摘要] 为了追求美观，别墅大多采用坡屋面形式。实际上，坡屋面呈现空问受力的特性；然而，在受力计算时，设计人员为了追求方便、快捷，一般采用平面模型的计算结果来代替空间计算结果，虽然结果通常保守、安全，但却掩盖了一些坡屋面所固有的受力特点。通过一个工程加固实例，利用有限元软件进行了几种荷载组合情况下的空间计算分析，并提出了具体的加固方案，总结了该类结构在设计中应注意的问题。
[关键词] 别墅；坡屋面；空间计算；加固

    Calculating and strengthening of sloping-roof of a villa in Shanghai
    Miao Jin, Jin Wei
    (China Shipbuilding NDRI Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200063, China)

Abstract: In order to pursue appearance beauty, sloping-roof are mostly adopted in villas. Actually, the sloping-roof shows the characteristic of spatial. But, in fact, the designers mostly prefer plane models to spatial models for sake of convemence. Although the results of the former would be generally much bigger and safer than that oflatter, it conceals many facts which belong to the sloping-roof of a villa. Based on an actual example which needs to be strengthened, this article mainly introduced the correlative problems to pay attention to designing processes by analyzing this kind of structure in different loads and designing the strengthening methods.
Keywords: villa; sloping-roof; spatial calculating; strengthening; summary