[提要]  在高层和超高层钢筋混凝土建筑中，下部柱的内力很大，其轴力可以达到3 000～4000kN甚至更高。在这种情况下，为减小柱子的截面，应视轴力的大小分别采用高强混凝土、约束混凝土、钢管混凝土和型钢混凝土或其复合柱。文中介绍了这些柱型的性能及在国内外的使用经验和轴压比限值，并给出了如何根据轴力大小进行选型的算例。
[关键词]  高层建筑  钢筋混凝土柱  钢管混凝土  型钢混凝土  组合结构

In tall and ultra-tall concrete buildings, the internal axial force in the lower columns is possible to reach
or exceeds 3 000~4 000kN.In this case, it is necessary to reduce the section of column by adopting the
high strength concrete, restrained concrete, concrete filled steel tubes, steel reinforced concrete or composite and mixed construction.The behaviour, using experience at home and abroad and maximum axial force of a column section for these types of columns are introduced. A digital example about how to choose a column type according to the axial force is also given.
Keywords:  high-rise building; reinforced concrete column; concrete filled steel tubes; steel reinforced
concrete; composite and mixed construction