[提要]  通过对某中学教学楼局部墙、柱、地面裂缝成因的调查分析，找出了基础梁、柱基承载力不足以及局部地基不均匀沉降是其裂缝产生的最主要原因。并提出了较为简单、经济、实用的加固处理方案。
[关键词]  砖混结构  教学楼钢筋混凝土柱  裂缝  局部危房  膨胀土地基  基础梁  条形基础  混凝土散水  加固处理  高压灌浆

Based on the investigation and analysis of the cracks among bearing walls, columns, and the ground of a teaching building, we found that the Ioad-bearing capacity is not enough in foundation-beam and cloumn's foundation.Especially,  the different settlement caused by putting a building foundation directly upon the expansive soil was the main cause of the cracking. And then, a simple, economical and practical method for consolidation was put forward.
Keywords:  masonry structure; teaching huilding; RC  column; cracks; expansive soil; foundation-beam; strip foundation; consolidation; high pressure grout-pour