[提要]  通过预应力与非预应力混凝土小型空心砌块墙的水平低周反复荷载试验，研究了墙片出现裂缝至破坏的全过程，分析了钢筋应变、滞回特性、骨架曲线、延性、耗能及刚度退化等问题。试验结果表明：墙体施加预应力后，既能较大幅度地提高其抗裂度和极限荷载，又能显著地改善其变形、延性及耗能等性能。为预应力混凝土砌块结构在抗震工程中的应用提供了理论基础。
[关键词]  预应力砌块墙  低周反复荷载  延性  耗能  刚度

Based on contrast test of prestressed and non-prestressed small-sized concrete hollow block walls under low frequency cyclic static load, the paper has studied the whole-process of cracking-failing and emphasized on the questions such as strain of reinforcing bars, characteristic of resilience, skeleton curve, ductility, energy consumption and degeneration of rigidity. The test results indicate that prestressing force not only increase walls' anti-cracking degree and load-bearing capacity, but also improve their behavior of deformation, ductility and energy consumption evidently, which provides theory bases for use of the prestressed masonry in anti-seismic engineering.
Keywords: prestressed block wall; low frequency cyclic load; ductility; energy consumption; rigidity