(1 湖南大学土木工程学院，长沙 410082；2 南加利福尼亚大学土木工程系，洛杉矶 CA 90089；3 长沙凯森竹木新技术有限公司，长沙 410082)
［摘要］采用欧洲规范确定房屋的火灾荷载后，使用木垛火作为火源，对一足尺竹结构轻型框架房屋进行火灾模拟试验，研究了此类型房屋的火灾安全性能。历时1h的火灾作用后，墙体骨柱在9.5mm厚普通石膏板的保护下，平均炭化深度仅为截面尺寸的1/3，而楼盖格栅在19mm厚防火石膏板的保护下几乎没有火灾损伤，房屋最终保持了良好的结构整体性，表明此类竹结构房屋耐火时间可以达到1.0h以上，具有良好的火灾安全性能；墙体和楼板内外表面的热电偶数据显示迎火面墙体最高温度达到686℃的情况下，背火面温度维持在一个较低的温度水平(最高温度仅为46～84℃)，表明采用石膏板和岩棉的房屋墙体和楼板具有良好的保温隔热性能；在试验研究的基础上，对竹结构轻型框架房屋的构造措施提出了设计建议。
［关键词］竹结构；轻型框架房屋；火灾模拟试验；耐火时间
中图分类号：TU366-1文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2012)02-0165-05
Experimental research on fire safety of lightweight bamboo frame buildings
Xiao Yan1,2, Ma Jian1, Shan Bo1, Chen Guo1, She Liyong3(1 College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA 90089, USA；3 Advanced Bamboo and Timber Technology Ltd., Changsha, Changsha 410082, China)
Abstract:A fire simulation test of full-scale room unit was carried out to study the fire safety of lightweight bamboo frame buildings. Firewood with its quantity determined based on European standard was stacked and ignited in the testing room unit. After an hour fire, the maximum charring depth of glue laminated bamboo (Glubam) studs was only 1/3 of the sectional dimension under the protection of 9.5mm ordinary gypsum board, and the floor beams were scarcely damaged under the protection of 19mm fire-resistant gypsum board. The house maintained a good structural integrity at the end of fire test, demonstrating the satisfactory fire resistance of the lightweight bamboo frame building system. Based on instrumentation of 8 pairs of thermocouples installed on the surface of walls and floor, the highest temperature of internal surface was recorded as 686℃, while the highest temperature of external surface was in the range of 46℃ to 84℃, indicating the good thermal insulation using the gypsum boards and rockwool. On the basis of the experimental research, fire design measures were suggested for the new bamboo building system.
Keywords:bamboo structure; lightweight frame building; fire simulation test; fire resistant time
国家自然科学基金委项目(50938002)，国际竹藤组织共同资助。
作者简介：肖岩，博士，长江学者，特聘教授，Email：xiaorock@yahoo.com。
参考文献
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