(上海建筑设计研究院有限公司, 上海 200041)

摘要: 应急医疗项目往往使用周期较短,但要求建成速度快、灾后易拆除. 在结构设计上应遵循快速、简便、适用和易恢复的原则,按建造方式可分为新建临时建筑和既有建筑改造两类项目. 新建结构应优先选用成品化、模块化程度高的结构体系,目前常用的户外新建应急医疗临时建筑的结构形式有大型篷房和箱式钢结构临时用房. 改建项目宜选用新近建成或使用维护状况良好的工程,常选内部空间便于迅速搭建隔断且消防技术条件较好的公共建筑. 结合上海市 2022 年抗疫应急医疗项目的实践,从设计原则、结构体系、设计要点、现场施工和预防措施等方面系统介绍了各结构体系在不同场景下的应用情况.

关键词: 应急医疗项目; 新建临时建筑; 篷房; 箱式钢结构; 既有建筑改造

中图分类号:TU399 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1002-848X(2023)01-0089-06

DOI:10. 19701 / j. jzjg. SHY2306

Structural practice of anti-pandemic emergency medical project

JIANG Wenwei, ZHANG Jian, CHENG Xi, SHEN Lei

(Shanghai Institute of Architecture Design & Research Co. , Ltd. , Shanghai 200041, China)

Abstract: Emergency medical projects often have a short life cycle, but require fast construction and easy dismantling afterdisasters. The principles of quickness, simplicity, applicability and easy recovery should be followed in the structuraldesign. According to the construction method, it can be divided into newly-built temporary building projects and existingbuilding renovation projects. For the newly-building structure, the finished and highly modularized structural system shouldbe preferred. At present, the commonly used structural forms of newly-built outdoor emergency medical temporary buildingsinclude large canopy buildings and box-typed steel structure temporary buildings. Reconstruction projects should benewly-built projects or projects in good condition of use and maintenance, and usually, public buildings with internal spacethat facilitates rapid construction of partition walls and better fire protection conditions are selected. Based on the designand application of Shanghai anti-pandemic emergency medical project, the application of each structural system in differentscenarios were systematically introduced from the aspects of design principles, structural system, design points, on-siteconstruction problems and precautions.

Keywords: emergency medical project; newly-built temporary building; canopy building; box-typed steel structure;existing building renovation

∗上海建筑设计研究院有限公司课题:公共卫生安全紧急事件中城市临时隔离设施应对策略及技术研究(22-1 类-0241-综).

作者简介:姜文伟,学士,教授级高级工程师,一级注册结构工程师,主要从事建筑结构设计及研究,Email:jiangww@ aisa.com. cn.

[引用本文] 姜文伟,张坚,程熙,等. 抗疫应急医疗项目结构实践[ J]. 建筑结构,2023,53( 1):89-94. JIANGWenwei,ZHANG Jian,CHENG Xi,et al. Structural practice of anti-pandemic emergency medical project [ J]. BuildingStructure,2023,53(1):89-94.