（四川省建筑设计研究院， 成都 610000）

［摘要］在刚性框架的适当位置设置铰点，节点可由偏心受压变为中心受压，解除截面应力集中现象；同时，铰点还具有转动变形功能，可调节结构体系变形能力，使结构体系刚柔并济协调工作。结合实例，详细论述了铰的基本原理、计算方法及其在工程中的应用：在多高层框架边柱顶节点采用铰接，避免应力集中；在柱脚（即基础顶面）设置铰点，将刚性基础转化为铰接基础，耗散房屋的地震能量；在剪力墙连梁两端点铰，把超静定连梁变为单个简支过梁，解决剪力墙连梁因截面尺寸过大而造成剪力值超限的难题；大底盘两栋塔楼间的走廊连接采用铰接改善结构受力状况；连体建筑空中廊桥的采用铰接桁架减小整体结构的扭转效应。

［关键词］铰接框架； 铰接机构； 框架结构； 电算方法； 应力集中

中图分类号：TU352-11文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2021)01-0041-04

Design and application of hinged frame

WAN Hengjun

(Sichuan Provincial Architectural Design & Research Institude, Chengdu 610000, China)

Abstract:If the hinge point is set at the appropriate position of the rigid frame, the node can be changed from eccentric compression to central compression, which relieves the cross-sectional stress concentration phenomenon. At the same time, the hinge point also has the function of rotation and deformation, which can adjust the deformation ability of the structural system to lead to the coordination work of the structural system both rigidly and flexibly. Combined with practical examples, the basic principles, the calculation methods of hinges and the application of hinges in engineering were discussed in detail: hinged joints were used at the top nodes of side columns of multi-story frames to avoid stress concentration; hinge points were set at the column feet (i.e. the top surface of the foundation) to transform the rigid foundation into a hinged foundation to dissipate the seismic energy of the house; hinges set at both ends of the shear wall turned the coupling beam to single simply-supported beam to solve the out-of-code problem of shear value due to the excessive cross-sectional dimensions of the shear wall coupling beams; the corridor connection between the two towers of the large chassis used hinged joints to improve the structural stress condition; the hinged truss of the air bridge of the connected building reduced the torsion effect of the overall structure.

Keywords:hinged frame; hinged mechanism; frame structure; computer-aid calculation method; stress concentration