（内蒙古科技大学土木工程学院， 包头 014010）

［摘要］钢吊车梁的研究多集中于理论和模型试验研究，为了弥补了钢吊车梁在实测研究中的空白，进行了重级工作制下钢吊车梁受力性能的实测研究。在吊车满载、额定荷载、空载3种荷载工况下，对某炼钢厂连铸车间正在服役的4根跨度不同、轨道偏心距不同的钢吊车梁进行了现场动态应变测试。测试结果表明：采用直角式和变截面圆弧式吊车梁，其支座端有应力集中现象，在吊车频繁运行的情况下，容易产生疲劳裂纹。变截面圆弧式吊车梁在变截面圆弧处易出现径向、切向疲劳裂纹；对于直角式变截面支座，在满足一定构造要求的前提下，其抗疲劳性能优于变截面圆弧式支座。对实际工程中需采用变截面的吊车梁，建议采用直角式突变支座。在偏心移动荷载往复作用下，钢吊车梁上翼缘与腹板连接处，主应力及剪应力的循环作用是该处容易形成疲劳损伤的原因之一。

［关键词］钢吊车梁；  动态应变测试； 轨道偏心； 直角式突变支座； 变截面圆弧式支座

中图分类号：TU317， TU273-2文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2020)13-0089-06

Study on behavior parameters of steel crane beam under moving loads

WEN Yang1, YU Jiao2, WANG Pengxin3

(College of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China)

Abstract:The research of steel crane beams mostly focuses on the oretical and model experimental researches. In order to make up for the blank of the steel crane beam in the field research, the experimental research on the mechanical properties of the steel crane beam under the heavy duty system was carried out. Four steel crane beams with different spans and track eccentricities in the continuows casting workshop of a steelmaking factory were tested under three load conditions in the on-site dynamic strain test: full load, rated load and no load. The test results show that: when the right angle crane beam and the variable cross-section arc-shape crane beam are used, the stress concentration phenomenon exists at the support end, and the fatigue crack is easy to occur when the crane operates frequently. The radial and tangential fatigue cracks are easy to appear in the  variable cross-section arc-shape of the crane beam with variable cross-section. For the right angle variable cross-section bearing, its fatigue resistance is better than that of the variable cross-section arc-shape support on the premise of meeting certain structural requirements. For the crane beam with variable cross-section, it is suggested to adopt the right angle mutation support. Under the reciprocating action of eccentric moving loads, the cyclic action of main stress and shear stress is one of the causes of fatigue damage at the connection of upper flange and web of steel crane beam.

Keywords:steel crane beam; dynamic strain test; orbital eccentricity; right angle mutation  support; variable cross-section arc-shape support

*国家自然科学基金项目(51768056)。

作者简介：闻洋，博士，教授，硕士生导师，Email:wenyangalbert@163.com。