（云南省地震工程研究院， 昆明 650041）

［摘要］2014年8月3日云南鲁甸6.5级地震震级不高，但极震区地震烈度达到9度，震害严重。震害调查表明，极震区龙头山镇建筑震害差异巨大，地形、地基土不同和断裂影响可能是造成建筑震害差异的主要原因。龙头山镇建有不同时期的各类建筑，其中严格按规范设计建造的房屋，绝大多数未倒塌，但也暴露出一些较普遍的问题，如：砌体结构和框架结构普遍出现底层严重破坏甚至倒塌；框架结构“强柱弱梁”机制普遍未能实现等。抗震措施不到位的老旧建筑和农村自建房则多数倒塌。通过对多层砌体、框架和简易民居典型震害的分析，总结经验教训，提出有关建议。

［关键词］鲁甸地震； 建筑震害； 场地条件； 断裂； 砌体结构； 框架结构； 硬山搁檩房屋； 强柱弱梁

中图分类号：TU375, TU352-1, P316文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2020)07-0028-09

Typical earthquake damage analysis of Ludian earthquake with Ms 6.5

AN Xiaowen， LI Dan

(Yunnan Institute Earthquake Engineering, Kunming 650041, China)

Abstract:The highest intensity of Ludian earthquake with Ms6.5 occurred on August 3, 2014 in Yunnan reached 9 degree. The earthquake caused a serious disaster. The investigation of earthquake damage show that there were great differences in building damage in the meizoseismal area of Longtoushan Town. Different terrain and foundation soil and the influence of fault may be the main probable causes for the difference of building damage. Longtoushan Town has built various kinds of buildings in different periods, among which the majority of houses designed in strict accordance with the seismic design code did not collapsed, but also revealed some problems, such as: masonry structure and RC frame structure appear serious damage to the ground floor or even collapsed, the RC frame structure were hard to bring about the “strong column and weak beam”. Most of the old buildings and rural self-built houses collapsed, especially those that did not setting seismic measures. Through the analyses of the typical earthquake damage of masonry structure, RC frame and simple dwellings,  the experience and lessons were summarized and some suggestions for seismic resistance were proposed.

Keywords:Ludian earthquake; building seismic damage; site condition;fault; masonry structure; RC frame structure; structure of purlin roof on gable; strong column and weak beam

*国家科技支撑计划项目（2012BAJ07B02）。

作者简介：安晓文，研究员级高级工程师， Email:angxw@163.com。