（1 云南省建筑结构与新材料企业重点实验室， 昆明 650223; 2 昆明市建筑工程结构安全和新技术重点实验室， 昆明 650223; 3 云南省建筑科学研究院， 昆明 650223）

［摘要］基于与结构安全鉴定相关的现行标准、规范，针对建筑结构安全性鉴定中的部分问题进行论述，得出以下主要结论：结构是由具有适当刚度的构件组合而成的可以传递荷载的串并联系统，即结构具有传递荷载与系统两大属性，故结构安全性鉴定中宜一定程度地考虑建筑结构“串并联系统”的性质及其内力重分布的能力；结构安全性定义为结构在规定时间内、规定条件下、完成预定承载功能的能力；建筑结构安全性鉴定时必须从抗震计算与抗震措施两方面综合考虑地震作用的影响；鉴定时宜将目标使用年限与后续使用年限等价，按照《建筑抗震鉴定标准》（GB 50023—2009）的规定将既有建筑分为A，B，C三类建筑，并按该标准针对不同类型建筑的相关规定进行承载能力分析和抗震措施（抗震构造措施）鉴定。

［关键词］结构安全性； 抗震鉴定； 建筑结构； 地震作用； 抗震措施

中图分类号：TU375文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2019)24-0119-06

Study on some problems on safety appraisal of building structure

Qiu Bin1,2,3, Zhao Baosheng1, 2, 3

(1 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Building Structure and New Materials, Kunming 650223, China; 2 Kunming Key Laboratory of Building Structural Safety and New Technology, Kunming 650223, China; 3 Yunnan Institute of Building Research, Kunming 650223, China)

Abstract:Based on the current standards and codes related to the structural safety appraisal, some problems in the safety appraisal of building structures were discussed, and the following main conclusions were drawn: the structure is a series parallel system composed of members with appropriate rigidity, which can transfer loads, that is, the structure has two properties of transferring loads and systems, so it is advisable to consider the nature of “series parallel system” of building structure and its ability of internal force redistribution to a certain extent in the safety appraisal of the structure; structural safety is defined as the ability of the structure to complete the predetermined bearing function within the specified time and under the specified conditions; the impact of earthquake action must be comprehensively considered from two aspects of seismic calculation and seismic measures in the safety appraisal of building structure; the target service life and subsequent service life should be equally considered in the appraisal, and the existing buildings are divided into three types of A, B and C according to the Standard for seismic appraisal of buildings (GB 50023—2009), and the bearing capacity analysis and seismic structural measures appraisal are carried out for different types of buildings.

Keywords:structural safety; seismic appraisal; building structure; seismic action; seismic measure

作者简介：邱斌，博士，高级工程师，Email:18213925649@163.com。