(华建集团华东建筑设计研究总院, 上海 200002)

［摘要］随着改革开放40年国内经济快速发展以及城镇化进程的加速，我国高层建筑和超高层建筑呈现出雨后春笋般的发展，我国已成为全球超高层建筑发展的中心，在该领域总体上已达到国际先进水平。首先以时间为维度，概括回顾了我国高层建筑从20世纪二三十年代起源，七八十年代局部发展，到改革开放之后飞跃发展的历程。其次重点介绍21世纪以来近20年我国超高层建筑结构的新发展：不断攀升的建筑高度和综合建筑功能衍生出的结构效率、延性和可建性更佳的结构体系，所采用的抗风设计手段和各种减振措施，基于性能的抗震设计方法和消能减震技术的广泛应用。精确的计算分析手段和方法验证了超高层建筑结构设计的可行性，部分影响结构经济性的整体结构控制指标需要进一步探讨。大量的试验研究和专项技术研究为结构设计的创新提供了依据，同时也提升了其关键技术。最后，基于目前超高层建筑发展现状、存在的问题和面临的挑战，对今后超高层建筑结构的发展，包括若干重点技术的研发和突破等方面进行展望，也期待我国早日从超高层建筑的大国成为超高层建筑的强国。

［关键词］超高层建筑结构； 结构抗侧力体系； 结构抗风； 性能化抗震设计； 消能减震； 结构分析与试验

中图分类号：TU318文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2019)19-0011-14

Development and prosperity of structural design of super tall buildings in China

Wang Dasui， Bao Lianjin

(East China Architectural Design & Research Institute, Shanghai 200002, China)

Abstract:In the past 40 years of reform and opening, China has been under the rapid development of domestic economy and the acceleration of urbanization which promote the springing out of high-rise buildings and super tall buildings. China has become the center of development of super tall buildings around the world, reaching the advanced level globally in this field. In the sequence of decades,  a review of the development of high-rise buildings in China was briefly presented, involving the origin of high-rise buildings in between 1920s and 1930s, the partial development in 1970s and 1980s and the leaping development after the reform and opening. Next, the new development of super tall structural design in past 20 years was emphasized: structural system with higher efficiency, ductility and buildability derived from ascending elevation and comprehensive functions of buildings; wind resistance methods and various damping practices adopted; performance-based seismic design and wide application of energy dissipation. The feasibility of design of super tall buildings were verified by the accurate computing and analysis methods, and some principle issues which influence overall structural economy are remained for future discussion. A huge amount of experiments and specific technological researches introduce evidences to innovation of structural design and improve the crucial technologies at the same time. Finally, based on the current situation of development of super tall buildings, questions remained and challenges confronted, there is outlook on future development of super tall structural design including researches on several key technologies, breakthroughs and so on. As a nation with a large quantity of super tall buildings, expectation is also high for China to turn into a nation with higher quality of super tall buildings early.

Keywords:super tall building structure; lateral force resisting system; wind resist; performance-based seismic design; energy dissipation; structural analysis and experiment

作者简介：汪大绥，全国工程勘察设计大师，教授级高级工程师，Email:dasui_wang@ecadi.com。