(北京市建筑设计研究院有限公司， 北京 100045)

［摘要］结合某19世纪80年代末多层砌体结构抗震加固及改造实际工程，分析论证了采用不同后续使用年限约定对结构加固成本的影响。对原有砌体墙加固方案进行了加固效果比较。着重介绍了钢筋混凝土面层加固方法的设计过程及施工中遇到的难点；为满足建筑使用功能转变要求，利用钢筋混凝土双梁托换墙体拆除加固技术，对原有砌体墙开大洞，使原有多个小开间房间联通并形成一个整体空间，分析了由于砌体墙体开洞后抗侧刚度的变化，造成对周围墙体内力的影响；提供了钢筋混凝土托换梁的内力计算方法及设计构造；总结了砌体结构托换墙体施工时注意事项及经验，为今后同类工程设计与施工提供参考。

［关键词］砌体结构； 抗震加固改造； 钢筋混凝土面层加固； 双梁托换

中图分类号：TU312-1文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2019)18-0136-05

Seismic reinforcement and retrofit design of masonry structures of old buildings

Li Yang, Zhang Qiao, Zhang Guoqing

(Beijing Institute of Architectural Design， Beijing 100045， China)

Abstract:Based on the practical project of seismic strengthening and reconstruction of a multi-story masonry structure in the 1980s, the influence of different of agreements successive design working life on the cost of structural strengthening was analyzed and demonstrated. The effects of different reinforcement methods were compared. The design process and difficulties encountered in construction of structure member strengthening with reinforced concrete layer method were introduced emphatically. In order to meet the requirement of functional transformation of buildings, the demolition and reinforcement technology of reinforced concrete double beam under pinning wall was used to open large holes in the original masonry wall, which makes several small rooms connected and forms a whole space. The change of lateral stiffness of masonry wall after opening holes was analyzed. It also provides the internal force calculation method and design structure of reinforced concrete underpinning beam, summarizes the matters needing attention and experience in masonry underpinning wall construction, and provides reference for similar engineering design and construction in the future.

Keywords:masonry;   seismic strengthening and retrofit; structure member strengthening with reinforced concrete layer; underpinning with double beam method

作者简介：李阳，硕士，工程师，一级注册结构工程师，Email: liyang1@biad.com.cn。