（武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院， 武汉 430070）

［摘要］为研究橡胶减振支座对竖向车致振动的减振效果，对某铁路桥梁的橡胶减振支座和盆式橡胶支座进行了现场测试，获得了橡胶支座的时频特性，并对比分析了不同橡胶支座对竖向车致振动的衰减规律。测试结果表明：高速列车通过铁路桥梁时，橡胶减振支座上、下连接板的振动幅值均小于盆式橡胶支座的幅值，且其总插入损失较盆式橡胶支座的大3-75dB，除在设计频率10Hz附近的振动响应存在放大现象外，在其余频段的插入损失均表现出良好的衰减作用，其中优势频段20～80Hz范围内的减振效果显著。因此，橡胶支座作为柔性支承在一定程度上有利于减小竖向车致振动对周边环境的影响，特别是低刚度、高阻尼的橡胶支座，更有利于作为铁路桥梁的减振支座。

［关键词］橡胶减振支座； 现场测试； 车致振动； 减振效果； Z振级

中图分类号：U248, X593文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2019)14-0096-06

Field measurement on damping effects of elastic bearing pad for vertical train-induced vibrations

Sun Liangming, Zhao Hanbing, Xie Weiping

(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China)

Abstract:In order to investigate the damping effects of elastic bearing pad (EBP) for vertical train-induced vibrations, field measurements were carried out through taking a pot rubber bearing and an EBP of an actual railway bridge as test objects, the time and frequency characteristics were obtained. And the attenuation laws of different rubber bearings for vertical train-induced vibrations were comparatively analyzed. The test results show that the vibration amplitudes of EBP at both upper and lower plates are smaller than those of pot rubber bearing while the high-speed train is running through the railway bridge. The whole insertion loss of EBP is 3-75dB larger than that of pot rubber bearing. The vibration responses around the design frequency 10Hz are amplified, but the EBP can reduce more train-induced vibrations than the pot rubber bearing in the vertical direction for other vibration frequency components.  The damping effect is obvious in the range of 20~80Hz. Therefore, the rubber bearing as a flexible support to a certain degree is useful to reduce the vertical train-induced vibrations for the improvement of surrounding environment, especially the lower stiffness and higher damping rubber bearing is more advantageous to as an anti-vibration bearing in the railway bridge.

Keywords:elastic bearing pad; field measurement; train-induced vibration; damping effect; Z vibration level

*国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（51608410），湖北省自然科学基金面上项目（2016CFB272），中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（2016IVA028，2019Ⅲ108CG）。

作者简介：孙亮明，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，Email: sunliangming@126.com。