（四川大学建筑与环境学院， 成都 610065）

［摘要］2008年汶川地震和2013年芦山地震中，在地震烈度较低的地区也能观察到大量烧结空心砖砌体填充墙发生震害的现象，造成了严重的经济损失，也极大地加重了灾后重建和修复的工作量。为了揭示其易损的原因，选择四川地震灾区常用的三孔页岩空心砖进行了抗压强度和抗折强度试验，分析了其强度特征。结果表明：试验使用的空心砖的抗压强度很低，其强度等级不足MU2-5，不满足相关规范对空心砖最低强度等级的规定；空心砖3个受压面的抗压强度存在明显差异。另需指出的是，地震中空心砖的主要受力方向与确定砖的强度等级时的加载方向不一致；空心砖的破坏呈现明显的脆性特征，且强度离散性很大。可见地震中局部某块砖的率先破坏可能导致填充墙整体的坍塌，空心砖自身的初始缺陷对抗压性能影响不明显，但对抗折性能影响较大。

［关键词］烧结空心砖； 抗压强度； 抗折强度； 强度特征； 应力-应变曲线

中图分类号：TU997文献标识码：A文章编号：1002-848X(2016)18-0113-05

Experimental study on mechanical properties of sintered shale hollow bricks

Mou Bingxiong, Li Bixiong, Peng Juan, Xiong Xuelu, Guo Chongbo， Jiang Xingxing

(College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China)

Abstract:During the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2013 Lushan earthquake, a large number of seismic damage phenomena in sintered hollow brick masonry filled walls could also be observed in areas with low seismic intensity, which had caused serious economic losses and greatly increased the workload of post disaster reconstruction and restoration. In order to reveal the cause of the damage, compressive strength and flexural strength tests were conducted on three-hole shale hollow bricks commonly used in earthquake stricken area in Sichuan to analyze its strength characteristics. The results show that the hollow bricks used in test have very low compressive strength with the strength grade of less than MU2-5 which do not meet the provisions of the lowest strength level of hollow bricks in relevant codes. Compressive strengths of three compression surfaces of hollow brick have obvious differences. It is also pointed out that the main stress direction of the hollow brick in the earthquake is not consistent with the loading direction in determining the strength grade of brick. The failure of the hollow brick is characterized by obvious brittleness, and the strength dispersion is very large. It′s predicted that the failure of a certain local brick in earthquake may lead to overall collapse of the filled wall. Effect of hollow brick′s initial imperfections on the compressive performance is not obvious, but the effect on bending properties is larger.

Keywords:sintered hollow brick; compressive strength; flexural strength; strength characteristic; stress-strain curve

*国家科技支撑计划(2012BAK10B07)，四川大学地震灾后重建应急研究项目(2013SCU190)。

作者简介：牟兵雄，硕士研究生，Email: 562170150@qq.com。