4·20 芦山地震灾区自建农房地震前后建造习惯对比分析
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（1 四川农业大学土木工程学院， 都江堰 611830； 2 村镇建设防灾减灾四川省高等学校工程研究中心， 都江堰 611830； 3 西南交通大学土木工程学院， 成都 610031)
［摘要］我国村镇农房的结构安全问题由来已久，在汶川地震、玉树地震和芦山地震中，该问题愈加突出。经过这几次地震，村民对农房安全的重要性有了新的认识，村民在现阶段建房过程中对房屋的建造习惯进行了改进。4·20芦山地震灾后重建已接近尾声，为全面了解震后灾区恢复重建中村镇自建房在建造习惯方面改进的进程，以实地走访和入户问卷调查的方式，对4·20芦山地震重灾区宝兴县东风村和芦山县古城村1 000余户村民自建房在设计、施工、结构布置、材料使用、抗震设防等方面的资料进行了收集与整理，并与灾前建造情况进行对比分析，发现自建房在建造过程中仍然存在一系列问题，需主管部门进一步加强引导和监管，以提高农房抗震防灾能力。［关键词］村镇建设; 自建房; 建造习惯; 对比分析中图分类号：TU318.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2015)22-0034-06
Comparison and analysis of construction habits of rural self-build houses in Lushan before and after 4·20 Lushan earthquakeZou Zuyin1,2,3, Shang Yuzhu1,2, Tan Suhong1,2, Wang Xiaoyang1,2, Zeng Hang1,2（1 College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Dujiangyan 611830, China; 2 Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Dujiangyan 611830, China; 3 School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China）Abstract: Structural safety issues of rural houses have existed for a long time in our country, and these problems became more prominent in Wenchuan, Yushu and Lushan earthquakes. After experiencing these earthquakes, villagers have a new understanding of the importance of rural house safety, and their construction habits have been improved, which can be observed in their newly house construction procedures. The reconstruction in Lushan disaster area is near completion after 4·20 Lushan earthquake. In order to completely understand the improving process of construction habit for rural self-build houses, field investigations and household surveys were conducted to gather information of the design, construction methods, structure arrangement, material use, seismic fortification methods in rural self-build house reconstruction aiming at more than 1 000 villagers in 4·20 Lushan earthquake heavily-destructed villages including Dongfeng village of Baoxing county and Gucheng village of Lushan county. The construction conditions were compared with that before 4·20 Lushan earthquake and some problems still existed in rural self-build house construction. The authorities should strengthen their guidance and supervision in reconstruction to improve the seismic ability of rural houses.Keywords: town and village construction; self-build house; construction habit; comparative analysis
作者简介：邹祖银，博士研究生，一级注册结构工程师，Email：zzuyin@126.com。
