某面粉厂房楼板的振动控制*
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(华北水利水电大学土木与交通学院， 郑州 450045)
［摘要］某面粉厂制粉车间三、四层楼板分别安装有打麸机、清粉机等设备，生产运行过程中竖向振感强烈。振动测试结果表明：三、四层楼板均为机器设备引发的强迫振动。根据楼板竖向固有频率与设备扰动频率的比值β，提出了两种不同的减振方案：当β>1时（四层楼板），采用加固楼板、次梁的办法来增强楼板体系的刚度，即通过增加刚度的方法使楼板的固有频率进一步增大，从而减小楼板振动；当β≤1时（三层楼板），采用在楼板上安装调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）使得振动能量转移到TMD，即通过改变楼板体系的阻尼比来减小楼板振动。最后提出了一种便于嵌入楼板内部的竖向电涡流阻尼TMD装置的设计方法，并研制出竖向TMD样机，性能测试结果表明：该TMD参数灵活可调、耐久性高，在楼板减振领域应用前景广阔。［关键词］面粉厂; 楼板振动; 结构振动控制; 调谐质量阻尼器; 电涡流阻尼中图分类号：TU311.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2015)19-0032-05
Vibration control of floor for a flour mill buildingWang Zhihao, Liu Fei, Wu Zeyu, Zhang Chuang(School of Civil Engineering and Communication, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China)Abstract: Wheat bran finishers and flour purifiers are respectively installed on the third and fourth floor of a workshop in a flour mill, and strong vertical vibrations of the floors were observed during the production operation. Vibration tests show that vibrations on the third and fourth floor are typical forced vibrations caused by machinery equipments. According to the ratio β between vertical natural frequency of the floor and disturbance frequency of the machinery equipment, two different vibration absorptions were presented. When β>1, in the case of the fourth floor, the rigidity of the floor slab was strengthened by strengthening floor slab and secondary beam, which can make the natural frequency of the floor further increase by changing the stiffness, thereby reducing the vibration of the floor. When β≤1, in the case of the third floor, tuned mass dampers (TMD) on the top of the floor were installed to let the vibration energy transfer to TMD to reduce the floor vibration by changing the damping ratio of the floor system. A vertical eddy current damping TMD that can install in the interior of floors was presented and developed. The performance test results on the prototype of the developed TMD show that the TMD parameters can be easily adjusted with high feasibility and durability. Hence, it is quite promising for vibration reduction control of floors.Keywords: flour mill; floor vibration; structural vibration control; tuned mass damper; eddy current damping
*国家自然科学基金资助项目(51308214)，华北水利水电大学青年科技创新人才项目（201427）。作者简介：汪志昊，博士，副教授，Email：wangzhihao916@126.com。
