地下室防水设计若干问题探讨
- 摘 要
-
（中国建筑设计院有限公司， 北京 100044）
［摘要］地下室防水设计涉及面广，与建筑使用功能密切相关，对结构的安全性与耐久性影响很大。在地下室防水设计时，应兼顾安全性与经济性。对地下室水浮力计算方法进行了回顾，分析了抗浮措施的适用性，并对地下室结构抗浮稳定性验算中存在的问题进行了讨论。深入探讨了混凝土结构刚性防水与卷材防水的特点，同时对自防水混凝土构件的最小厚度、裂缝宽度以及保护层厚度等需要注意的问题进行了讨论。分别采用无梁楼盖经验系数法与有限单元法对地下室防水底板进行内力分析，对其计算结果的差异进行了比较。针对超长地下室施工后浇带存在的问题，对跳仓法施工技术的关键环节进行了讨论。最后，对地下室结构的腐蚀机理与相应的防腐蚀措施要点进行了阐述。［关键词］地下室; 抗浮; 防水; 防水板计算方法; 跳仓法施工; 防腐蚀中图分类号：TU318 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2016)06-0001-11
Discussion on several issues about the design of waterproofing of basementFan Zhong, Cao Shuang, Liu Tao(China Architecture Design Group, Beijing 100044, China)Abstract:The design of waterproofing of basement is broad in scope, closely related to the building functions and has big influence on security and durability of structures. Consideration must be given to both the security and economy in the design of waterproofing of basement. The calculation method of water buoyancy of basement was reviewed, the applicability of anti-buoyancy measures was analyzed and the problems of calculating anti-buoyancy stability of the basement structures were discussed. The characteristics of rigid and flexible waterproof of concrete structures and minimum thickness, crack width and depth of the concrete cover of self-waterproof concrete member were discussed in depth. The internal force of basement floor for waterproof by using flat plate empirical coefficient method and finite element method was analyzed and the differences of the results were compared. For the problems of the late poured band in the super long basement, the key links of alternative bay construction method were discussed. Finally, the corrosion mechanism of the basement structure and the corresponding corrosion protection measures were expounded.Keywords:basement; anti-buoyancy of structure; waterproofing; calculation method of basement floor for waterproof; alternative bay construction method; anticorrosion
作者简介：范重，博士，教授级高级工程师，一级注册结构工程师，Email：fanz@cadg.cn。
