2014年“威马逊”超强台风作用下建筑结构灾损调查与分析: 砌体结构
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（1 雅克设计有限公司，海口 570125； 2 海南周华结构设计咨询有限公司，海口 570208；3 海南大学，海口 570228）
［摘要］砌体结构在“威马逊”超强台风中受到最为普遍和严重的损坏。针对翁田镇两个自然村庄农民的砌体结构住房和部分海边养虾场的砌体结构房屋进行灾损描述、比较和分析，发现采用混凝土屋面的砌体结构房屋灾后基本完好，不需修复就可继续使用；采用轻型屋面的砌体结构房屋，屋面普遍受到严重损坏；砌体结构房屋墙体的损坏主要是由墙体自身的质量缺陷引起的。改进砌体结构房屋抵抗超强台风性能的主要建议措施包括：采用混凝土屋面；对于木檩条加黏土瓦屋面，用压条、自攻螺钉和水泥砂浆连接和固定瓦块。［关键词］“威马逊”超强台风; 砌体结构; 灾损中图分类号：TU392.5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2016)03-0100-06
Reconnaissance and analysis of damages of building structures caused by super typhoon Rammasun in 2014: masonry structuresZhou Hua1,2,3, Han Qin1,2, Hua Lichun3, Luo Haiyan1,2, Yang Antai3（1 APCE Design Co., Ltd., Haikou 570125, China; 2 Hainan Zhou Hua's Structural Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Haikou 570208, China; 3 Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China）Abstract:Masonry structures were most widely and severely damaged by super typhoon Rammasun. Damage reconnaissance, comparison and analysis of the masonry structure buildings in two villages and a few seaside shrimp farms in Wengtian Town. The main findings are: masonry buildings with reinforced concrete roofs sustain little damages without need for post-typhoon repairing; masonry buildings with light roofs suffer from very severe damages in the roofs; damages in the bearing walls of masonry buildings are the result of poor quality of the walls. Two main suggested measures made to improve the typhoon-resistance performance of masonry structure buildings include: reinforced concrete roofs should be adopted; for the light roofs consisted of clay tiles and timber purlines, the clay tiles should be connected and fixed by timber sticks, self-tapping screws and cement mortar.Keywords:super typhoon Rammasun; masonry structure; typhoon damage
作者简介：周华，博士，一级注册结构工程师，Email: zhouhua88@yahoo.com。
