周乾1，闫维明2

（1 故宫博物院， 北京 100009；2 北京工业大学工程抗震与结构诊治北京市重点实验室， 北京 100124）

［摘要］故宫灵沼轩是一座砌体结构与钢结构组合而成的文物建筑。为有效对其进行保护，建立结构有限元模型，参照《建筑结构荷载规范》（GB 50009—2012）相关规定，确定作用在结构上的简化风荷载，并开展静力分析，以研究结构抗风性能。分别考虑风荷载从x向及y向作用于结构，并考虑风荷载重现期为R=50年及R=100年，研究了结构的变形及内力分布特点，讨论了结构受力薄弱部位，评价了结构安全现状。结果表明：x向或y向风荷载作用下，灵沼轩砌体纵墙上部容易产生受拉破坏，在日常保养中应加以重视，但钢结构部分则处于安全状态；与x向风荷载相比，y向风荷载作用下，结构产生的内力和变形更大。此外，R=100年条件与R=50年条件相比，风荷载无论作用于x向还是y向，结构内力或变形峰值增量不明显。

［关键词］灵沼轩； 风荷载； 受力性能； 数值模拟； 文物建筑

中图分类号： TU366.2    文献标识码： A    文章编号： 1002-848X(2015)S2-0490-06

Wind-resistance performances of Lingzhao Veranda in the Forbidden City by simplified analysis

Zhou Qian1, Yan Weiming2

(1 Palace Museum, Beijing 100009, China; 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Retrofit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)

Abstract: Lingzhao Veranda in the Forbidden City is a historical building, which is composed of steel and masonry parts. To effectively protect the building, its finite element model was built, simplified wind loads based on Load code for the design of building structures (GB 50009—2012) was determined, and static analysis was carried out to study its wind-resistance performances. Wind loads were applied to the model considering the following cases: the loads were from x or y direction; interval period of the loads was R=50 years or R=100 years. By simulation, distortion and internal force distributions of the structure were obtained; its weaken locations were discussed, and safety status of the whole structure was evaluated. Results show that under wind loads of x or y direction, top of length way wall of the masonry part is easy to be damaged, which needs more attention during daily maintain works. However, For the steel part, it remains safety under wind loads. Distortion and internal force values of the structure tend to be larger under loads in y direction than those in x direction. Besides, compared to loads of interval period of R=50 years, the structure bears not much more forces under R=100 years condition, no matter the wind loads are from x or y direction.

Keywords: Lingzhao Veranda; wind load; bearing performance; simulation; historical building

作者简介：周乾，博士后，副研究员，Email：qianzhou627@126.com。