沈远戈1,陈平2,吕淼3

（1 山东省建筑设计研究院， 济南 250001； 2 西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院， 西安 710055；

3 中海油山东化学工程有限责任公司， 济南 250101）

［摘要］西安小雁塔是中国唐代密檐式古塔的代表作品。自建成1300多年间，陕西关中发生4级以上地震24次，其中包括发生于1556年的陕西华县8.3级特大地震，小雁塔危而不圮，岿然屹立，为旷古罕见。尤其“三裂三合”的传说及“不倒翁”理论，更让小雁塔充满诡秘与神奇色彩，也引起学界诸多争议。结合部分实勘资料，对有关小雁塔的传说与观点进行了科学辨析，对小雁塔的抗震性能作出了比较科学的解释。

［关键词］古塔； 密檐； 抗震性能

中图分类号： TU352    文献标识码： A    文章编号： 1002-848X(2015)S2-0271-04

An exploration of the fundamental construction and aseismatic capacity of Xiaoyan Pagoda

Shen Yuange1, Chen Ping2, Lü Miao3

(1 Shandong Provincial Architectural Design Institute, Ji′nan 250001, China;

2 School of Civil Engineering, Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi′an 710055, China;

3 CNOOC Shandong Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd., Ji′nan 250101, China)

Abstract： The Xiaoyan Pagoda in Xi′an is Chinese Tang Dynasty representative pagoda of compact eaves type ancient pagoda. It has been built for more than 1300 years. In these years, there are 24 times earthquake which more than 4 classes happened in the Shaanxi procince Guanzhong, including the most heavy earthquake, 8.3 classes earthquake which happened in Shaanxi Hua county in 1556, but the Xiaoyan Pagoda hasn′t been destroied heavily and still stand erectly firmly, which is especially rare in the history. Particularly, the legend of "three times of cracking and merging" and the theory of "tumbler", let the Xiaoyan Pagoda be full of secretive and miraculous color, also cause many controversies of the scientific community. The fame and the standpoint of Xiaoyan Pagoda were discussed and analyzed scientifically through actually investigating data, and work out a scientific explanation for the aseismatic capacity of the Xiaoyan Pagoda.

Keywords: ancient pagoda; compact eave; aseismatic capacity

作者简介：沈远戈，硕士，工程师，Email：qingxin0511@163.com。