既有建筑可靠性鉴定实践理念与风险防范
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（福建省建筑科学研究院， 福州 350025）［摘要］结合相关标准及工程实践对既有建筑可靠性鉴定问题进行了论述，认为需要可靠性鉴定的情形可归纳为是否满足“四个正常”，并由此针对性地确定鉴定内容；目标使用年限可理解为“经济合理的年限”；新、旧结构构件可靠指标一致是结构分析时应采用现行设计规范的原因；鉴定的首要工作是取得“足以判断”的现场数据；整体性与匹配性是子单元和鉴定单元不可或缺的评定内容。最后分析了鉴定工作的风险来源并提出了防范建议。［关键词］既有建筑; 可靠性鉴定; 工程实践理念; 风险防范中图分类号：TV698.2+1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2015)09-0007-04Practical concept and risk prevention of reliability appraisal for existing buildingLin Jianjing, Zheng Xiang, Zheng Tongcheng(Fujian Academy of Building Research, Fuzhou 350025, China)Abstract:Combined with relevant standards and engineering practices, some issues about reliability appraisal for existing building were demonstrated. Situations for reliability appraisal can be summarized as whether they meet the “four normal” or not, and then the appraisal contents were determined accordingly. Target working life should be regarded as “economic and reasonable life”. The reason for using the current design specifications in structural analysis is that reliability indices for old and new structural members are in good consistent. The principal work of appraisal is to obtain the field data which is “enough to judge”. Integrity and matching for sub-unit and appraisal unit are indispensable parts of assessment contents. Finally, risk sources of appraisal work were analyzed, and risk prevention advices were also put forward.Keywords: existing building; reliability appraisal; engineering practical concept; risk prevention作者简介：林建京，教授级高级工程师，一级注册结构工程师，Email：Ljj@fjjky.com。参考文献［1］GB 50153—2008工程结构可靠性设计统一标准［S］.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2008.［2］GB 50144—2008工业建筑可靠性鉴定标准［S］.北京：中国计划出版社，2009.［3］GB 50292—1999民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准［S］.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1999.［4］GB 50023—2009建筑抗震鉴定标准［S］.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2009.［5］DG/TJ 08-804—2005既有建筑物结构检测与评定标准［S］.上海：2005.［6］GB 50009—2012建筑结构荷载规范［S］.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2012.［7］林建京.既有现浇钢筋混凝土结构中梁抗弯承载能力鉴定的探讨［J］.福建建筑，2009，137（11）：55-56.
