沉管隧道节段接头剪力键破坏状态与机理研究*
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(长安大学公路学院,西安 710064)[摘要]为研究港珠澳大桥沉管隧道节段接头剪力键破坏状态与机理,采用ANSYS软件对沉管节段在纵、横向地基不均匀沉降与不均匀回淤荷载作用下的弯曲与扭转工况进行三维数值模拟。同时,以长安大学路基沉降试验平台为基础,对沉管隧道的3个节段进行了缩尺比为1∶4.69的大比尺沉管节段模型试验。对比数值模拟与试验得到的剪力键剪力结果得出,弯曲与扭转工况中竖向剪力键起主要作用,弯曲工况中剪力键受力状态为弯剪,扭转工况中剪力键存在“剪滞效应”。通过对竖向剪力键应力矢量的分析,并结合剪力键的破坏特征与破坏过程,提出剪力键的破坏机理。最后,对剪力键的设计提出了相应优化建议。[关键词]港珠澳大桥; 沉管隧道; 节段接头; 剪力键; 破坏状态中图分类号:U459.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1002-848X(2015)01-0077-05Research on failure state and mechanism of shear key of segmental joint in immersed tunnelHu Zhinan, Xie Yongli, Lai Hongpeng, Yan Changgen(College of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China)Abstract: In order to research failure states and mechanisms of shear keys of segmental joints in immersed tunnel of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the three dimensional numerical simulation by ANSYS software was adopted to simulate working conditions of bending and twisting of immersed tunnel segments caused by longitudinal and transverse uneven foundation settlements as well as uneven back-filling loading. At the same time, large-scale immersed tunnel segmental model tests with scale ratio of 1∶4.69 was carried out on three immersed tunnel segments based on a subgrade settlement experimental platform of Chang’an University. Comparing shearing force results of shear keys from numerical models and tests, it can be seen that vertical shear keys play main role under bending and twisting working conditions. Shearing status of shear keys under bending working condition is bending and shearing, while shearing lag effect exists in twisting working condition. Furthermore, failure mechanisms of shear keys were obtained through analyzing vector diagrams, failure characteristics and failure process of vertical shear keys. Based on this, structural optimizing measures on shear key design were put forward.Keywords: Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge; immersed tunnel; segmental joint; shear key; failure state*国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAG07B01)。作者简介:胡指南,博士研究生,Email: huzhinan001@163.com。参考文献[1]钟辉虹,李树光,刘学山,等.沉管隧道研究综述[J].市政技术,2007,25(6):490-494.[2]IOANNIS A, NIKOS G, VASILEIOS D, et al. Behavior of deep immersed tunnel under combined normal fault rupture deformation and subsequent seismic shaking [J]. Bull Earthquake Engineering, 2008(6): 213-239.[3]卫星,肖林,邵柯夫,等.钢混组合结构PBL剪力键疲劳寿命试验[J].中国公路学报,2013,26(6):96-102.[4]LUNNISS R, BABER J. Immersed tunnels [M]. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2013.[5]王振海,李乔,赵灿晖.PBL剪力键破坏形态及极限承载力试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2011,31(5):517-522.[6]张清华,李乔,唐亮.桥塔钢-混凝土结合段剪力键破坏机理及极限承载力[J].中国公路学报,2007,20(1):85-90.[7]肖林,强士中,李小珍,等.考虑开孔钢板厚度的PBL剪力键力学性能研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(8):282-288.[8]姜杰. 沉管接头钢剪力键的试验与设计[J]. 现代隧道技术,2001,38(4):40-43.[9]钱兆民.剪力键槽应力分析的探讨[J].三峡大学学报:自然科学版,1984(1):18-24.[10]张心凤,蒋星科.珠海港高栏港区航道回淤估算研究[J].广东水利水电,2009(12):8-9.[11]潘永仁,彭俊,SAITO N.上海外环沉管隧道管段基础压砂法施工技术[J].现代隧道技术,2004,41(1):41-45.[12]王永东,赵煜,孙长海.沉管隧道GINA型止水带变形分析及使用寿命预测[C]//2007年全国公路隧道学术会议论文集. 重庆:重庆大学出版社,2007:129-134.[13]管敏鑫.沉管隧道在越江工程中的地位以及有关的新认识[J].现代隧道技术,2004,41(1):1-4.[14]胡指南.沉管隧道节段接头剪力键结构形式与受力特性研究[D]. 西安:长安大学,2013.[15]刘建飞,贺维国,曾进群.静力作用下沉管隧道三维数值模拟[J].现代隧道技术,2007,44(1):5-9.