（1 中国地震局工程力学研究所，哈尔滨 150080；2 中国地震局地震工程与工程振动重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080；3 哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院，哈尔滨 150090）

［摘要］依据芦山地震中不同烈度区内28个抽样点的震害调查资料，分析了砖混结构民居在本次地震中的破坏特征。首先，统计了不同烈度区内不同破坏等级房屋的建筑面积，给出了砖混结构民居的破坏比例；其次，总结了砖混结构民居的震害特征，给出了不同烈度区内砖混结构民居在本次地震中的典型破坏形态，据此指出了震区砖混结构民居在设计建造过程中存在的主要问题，并以震害实例说明了其造成的严重后果；最后，对比了汶川地震前后建造的砖混结构民居，发现新建房屋的抗震措施普遍优于汶川地震前建造房屋的抗震措施，其抗震性能明显提高。

［关键词］芦山地震; 砖混结构; 民居; 震害特征; 破坏等级

中图分类号：TU362      文献标识码：A      文章编号：1002-848X(2014)18-0068-03

Analysis on seismic damage characteristics of masonry-concrete structure dwellings in Lushan M7.0 Earthquake

Yang Yongqiang1,2, Gong Maosheng1,2, Xie Lili1,2,3, Dai Junwu1,2, Wang Tao1,2, Jin Bo1,2

 (1 Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; 3 School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

Abstract: Seismic damage characteristics of masonry-concrete structure dwellings were analyzed according to the seismic damage investigation data of 28 sampling points in different seismic intensity regions in Lushan Earthquake. First of all, the areas of buildings with different damage grades were investigated in different seismic intensity regions and the destruction ratio of masonry-concrete structure dwellings was presented. Then, seismic damage characteristics of masonry-concrete structure dwellings were summarized and the typical damage patterns of masonry-concrete structure dwellings were given in different intensity regions. The major problems in seismic design and construction of masonry-concrete structure dwellings in the seismic region were pointed out, and the serious consequences caused by these defects were illustrated with typical structural damage examples. Finally, the seismic performances of masonry-concrete structure dwellings built before and after the Wenchuan Earthquake were compared, which shows that seismic measures of latter dwellings were better than those of the former ones. The seismic performances of latter dwelling have been obviously improved.

Keywords: Lushan earthquake; masonry-concrete structure; dwelling; seismic damage characteristic; damage grade

*国家自然科学基金项目（51308516），国家国际科技合作专项项目（2012DFA70810），黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（E201360）。

作者简介：杨永强，博士，助理研究员，Email:yangiem@foxmail.com。

参考文献

［1］2013年4月20日四川芦山7.0级地震［R/OL］. 北京：中国地震局地球物理研究所, 2013［2013-05-29 ］. http://www.cea-igp.ac.cn/tpxw/266824.shtml.

［2］四川省芦山“4.20”7.0级强烈地震烈度图［R/OL］. 北京: 中国地震局，2013［2013-05-29］. http://www.cea.gov.cn/publish/dizhenj/464/478/20130425153642550719811/index.html.