深大基坑中大开口顺逆复合工法的应用
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（1 上海建筑设计研究院有限公司，上海 200041；2 同济大学地下与建筑工程系，上海 200092）[摘要]随着一大批深大基坑的不断涌现，常规的顺作法与传统的逆作法已经不能同时满足深大基坑在安全、环境保护、工期等各方面的要求。本文借助某一深大基坑的工程实践，引进主体结构与支护结构相结合的新形式“大开口顺逆复合工法”这一全新的设计施工理念，以解决该基坑工程中采用顺作法需要大量的临时支撑和栈桥，支撑刚度相对较小，施工和拆除支撑消耗时间长等缺点，以及逆作法存在施工速度慢、作业环境差、技术要求高、适用性限制等问题。工程实践表明，对于深大基坑，顺逆复合工法可以解决业主对工期方面的要求，能使整个或局部地下室尽快出±0.000；在复合工法基础上，引进了大开口的理念，完全改变了常规的地下施工流程，大大地改善了地下作业的条件，提高了地下施工速度；同时，也满足了周边环境的保护要求。[关键词]深大基坑;顺逆复合工法;大开口;支护中图分类号：TU398.7 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2013)S1-0893-05Application of compound construction of bottom-up and top-down with large opening method in large deep foundation pitWu Changjiang1, 2（1 Shanghai Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200041, China; 2 Department of Underground Structure Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China）Abstract: with a large amount of deep large foundation pits rising, the demand of safety, environment protection and construction speed can’t be satisfied very well by the conventional construction of bottom-up and top-down method. Based on the construction of certain foundation pit, a new technology of combination of substructure and retaining structure, named compound construction method of bottom-up and top-down with large opening is recommended. The difficulties from bottom-up method involving large amount of temporary support, low stiffness of support, and uninstallation of support can be well resolved by means of this method, as well as those from top-down method, which includes slow construction speed, poor working condition, high technology requirements, restriction of its application and the others. It is indicated clearly that the compound construction of bottom-up and top-down method has its own superior in construction speed, and accomplishes the top slab of basement as soon as possible. Additionally, the idea of large opening on the beam-slab system is introduced to change the construction sequence entirely, and it improves the working condition and speed greatly. It is showed that it benefits the environment protection very well.Keywords：deep large foundation pit;compound construction of bottom-up and top-down method;large opening;retaining structure作者简介：吴昌将，Email: dcggz@163.com。
