确定混凝土构件实际应力技术方法的研究
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(中国建筑科学研究院建筑结构研究所， 北京 100013)［摘要］为准确推算既有混凝土结构中受力构件的实际应力与内力，系统地提出并详细介绍了一种新方法——配筋钻孔法。基于有限元数值分析确定了目标函数，沟通了理论模型与实测变量之间的联系。通过带孔钢筋拉伸试验与工程实测模拟试验，从多渠道验证了所确定的目标函数。依据混凝土构件轴压试验，对其混凝土、纵筋实际应力和实际内力的实测值与推算值进行了比较，获得了比较理想的结果。该方法作为专项成套技术，可拓宽现有混凝土结构检测范围，进一步满足结构安全评估、质量鉴定、加固改造、事故分析等方面需求。补充相关试验研究和改进现场测试工艺后，该方法还有望用于推算混凝土结构中的实际预应力效应或局部组合应力。［关键词］配筋钻孔法; 混凝土构件; 实际应力与内力; 目标函数; 理论模型; 实测变量; 钢筋钻孔与扩孔; 孔边高应力区中图分类号：TU375.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2013)23-0073-08Research on the new polytechnic method of determination for actual stresses in reinforced concrete membersPan Li, Li Zhiwen（Institute of Building Structures, China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China）Abstract: To estimate accurately actual stresses and internal forces in loaded members of a reinforced concrete structure, Hole Method of Reinforcement was proposed systematically then introduced carefully. Based on the objective function gained from finite element analysis, the theoretical model was connected with the measured variable. The objective function was verified repeatedly by simulative tests of holed bars, which are tensioned separately and set in concrete members loaded in axial compression, finally it is found that the estimated and the measured is roughly same. As a set of special technologies, it can be used to broaden the existing inspection range of reinforced concrete structure, and further to meet needs of the structural safety assessment, the quality assurance, the strengthening or reconstruction, and the accident analysis. Furthermore, after adding relative tests and process improvements, the new method is also expected to estimate the actual prestressing effects or local combined stresses in the kind of extant structures.Keywords: hole method of reinforcement; reinforced concrete member; actual stresses and internal force; objective function; theoretical model; measured variable; drill hole and counterbore hole of reinforcement; high-stress distribution area near the edge of a hole作者简介：潘立，教授级高级工程师，一级注册结构工程师，建研（北京）结构工程有限公司总工程师，Email: panlicabr@163.com。参考文献［1］潘立，李志文.确定混凝土构件实际应力技术方法的研究（“配筋钻孔法”的基本原理与试验研究）［R］.北京：中国建筑科学研究院建筑结构研究所，2011.［2］GB/T 50344—2004 建筑结构检测技术标准［S］.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2004.［3］GB 50010—2010 混凝土结构设计规范［S］.北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2011.
