故宫中和殿某中金檩加固分析*
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周乾1,2，闫维明2(1 故宫博物院, 北京 100009； 2 北京工业大学工程抗震与结构诊治北京市重点实验室， 北京 100124)［摘要］为探讨古建筑木结构的有效加固方法，以故宫中和殿某开裂的中金檩为例，采用数值模拟手段，对其加固方案进行了分析。基于该中金檩开裂现状，提出了2种加固方案：辅梁法和附加斜撑法。采用有限元分析程序ANSYS，建立了上述2种加固方案的有限元模型，进行了数值模拟分析，获得了不同加固方案条件下中金檩体系的内力和变形结果。结果表明：辅梁法虽然能改善中金檩的抗弯性能，但中金枋与辅梁相交位置很可能产生受拉破坏，因此该方案不可行；附加斜撑法满足中金檩承重体系的内力和变形要求，因而可满足中金檩加固要求。［关键词］古建筑; 木结构; 加固方案; 故宫中和殿中图分类号：TU366.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-848X(2013)18-0082-04Strengthening analysis of a mid inner purlin in Zhonghe Palace in the Forbidden CityZhou Qian1,2, Yan Weiming2(1 Palace Museum, Beijing 100009, China; 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Structural Retrofit, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China)Abstract: To find effective strengthening methods for Chinese ancient wooden buildings, a ruptured mid inner purlin in Zhonghe Palace in the Forbidden City was taken as example to study its strengthening methods by simulation. Based on rupture actuality of the purlin,2 strengthening methods were proposed: additional beam method and additional oblique supports method. Finite element models of the purlin strengthened by the 2 methods were built by ANSYS program. Simulation analyses were carried out, internal forces as well as deformation status of the strengthened purlin were obtained, strengthening effects of the 2 methods were discussed. Results show that additional beam method can improve bending performance of the purlin, but it may be destroyed on intersectant position between its tiebeam and the additional beam because of tension strength failure; additional oblique supports method meets the demands of internal forces and deformation of the purlin, thus the method is feasible.Keywords: chinese ancient building; wooden structure; strengthening method; Zhonghe Palace in the Forbidden City*文化部科技创新项目（17-2009）。作者简介：周乾，博士后，高级工程师，Email：qianzhou627@hotmail.com。参考文献［1］中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所.故宫中和殿木结构材质状况勘查报告［R］.2006.［2］GB 50005—2003 木结构设计规范［S］.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.［3］GB 50165—92古建筑木结构维护与加固技术规范［S］.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992.［4］周乾,闫维明.古建筑木结构叠合梁与组合梁弯曲受力研究［J］.建筑结构,2012,42(4):157-161.［5］马炳坚.中国古建筑木作营造技术［M］.北京:科学出版社, 1995:181-184.［6］李佳韦.中国传统建筑直榫木接头力学性能研究［D］.台湾:台湾大学,2006.［7］赵鸿铁,张海彦,薛建阳. 古建筑木结构燕尾榫节点刚度分析［J］.西安建筑科技大学学报：自然科学版,2009, 41(4):450-453.
